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Cheap Birth Control for Teenagers

Today, there are the following modern contraception options:

  • physiological;
  • barrier (mechanical);
  • spermicidal (chemical);
  • hormonal;
  • intrauterine;
  • emergency contraception.Cheap Birth Control for Teenagers

Pediatric gynecologists recommend teenagers to use the following contraception options:

  • barrier (mechanical);
  • spermicidal (chemical);
  • hormonal;
  • emergency contraception.

The degree of each contraceptive effectiveness is assessed by the Pearl index. This Index is equal to the number of pregnancies occurring in a group of 100 women who have used a particular birth control option for 12 months.

This birth control for teens that may contain estrogen and progestin is from a cheap price segment but not less effective. Let’s start with each teenagers’ birth control options except for barrier ones.

Spermicidal birth control options for teens (vaginal gel, vaginal suppository)

Spermicidal birth control options for teens are based on the substances that have a detrimental effect on sperm cells – destroying their cell membranes. For this birth control, correct use is very important: spermicides should be injected deep into the vagina, no later than 1 hour before sexual intercourse. Vaginal gel and suppository should be in contact with the cervix.

The active ingredient in most spermicides is nonoxynol-9, which, in addition to the destructive effect on sperm, has a bactericidal and virucidal effect. Another active ingredient, benzalkonium chloride, is 4 times more effective than nonoxynol-9. Pearl Index is equal to 0.68.

With the combined use of spermicides and barrier methods, the contraceptive effect increases. For example, spermicides together with a condom or diaphragm reduce the risk of pregnancy, provide some protection against many sexually transmitted diseases, and reduce the risk of developing inflammatory diseases several times, which is especially important for adolescents.

Hormonal contraceptives such as pills, injections, transdermal patch

The mechanism of action of hormonal birth control for teens is based on:

  • suppression of the gonadotropic hormones secretion and ovulatory function of the ovaries;
  • an increase in the viscosity of cervical mucus, which prevents the penetration of sperm into the uterine cavity;
  • prevention of egg implantation due to changes in the endometrium.

Hormonal contraceptives, depending on the hormonal composition, are divided into the following types:

  • combined oral contraceptives containing estrogen and progestin(COCs);
  • progestogen-containing contraceptives (mini-pills).

Combined oral contraceptives contain two components – estrogen in the form of ethinyl estradiol (EE) and one of the progestogens. Depending on the amount of estrogen, there are:

  • high-dose COCs – contain over 35 mg of ethynyl estradiol (Aranelle, Trivora-28);
  • low-dose COCs – contain 30 mg of ethynyl estradiol (Genora 1/35, Lo-Ovral (21/28));
  • microdose COCs – 20 mg of ethynyl estradiol (Alesse 21/28, Levlite).

Depending on the route of administration, hormonal birth control are divided into:

  • oral (pills);
  • injection (Depo-Provera);
  • implants (Implanon, Nexplanon);
  • transdermal patch (Twirla, Xulane);
  • vaginal (NuvaRing).

Hormonal pills are divided into monophasic, biphasic, and triphasic. Each pill of monophasic COCs contains a constant dosage of estrogenic and gestagen components. The content of estrogenic and gestagen components in the biphasic and triphasic pill is different depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle.

According to the WHO, it is monophasic drugs that are primarily recommended as oral birth control for teenagers, since they have a number of advantages:

  • the most effective among non-invasive contraceptives;
  • easy reversibility;
  • high safety of the birth control for teenagers and the possibility of long-term use.

Modern COCs are highly effective, safe, contribute to the regulation of the menstrual cycle of a young girl, eliminate algomenorrhea without an increase in body weight, do not disrupt metabolic processes, replenish hormonal deficiency and have additional medicinal properties. Side effects can occur in the first 3 months of taking COCs, later they are disappeared.

Intrauterine birth control options for teenagers (vaginal contraceptive, vaginal ring)

Intrauterine contraception (IUD) for teenagers is not always acceptable due to the small size of the uterine cavity, which can lead to the ejection of the coil or even to uterine perforation. The condition for using the IUD is regular sex life (otherwise the IUD loses its contraceptive meaning) and a constant partner (frequent changes in sexual partners are dangerous by infection of the genital tract). Most often, these recommendations are not met. In this regard, the use of the IUD in young nulliparous women should be abandoned.

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