Fayosim is an extended-cycle hormonal contraceptive containing three different doses of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel that are used to prevent pregnancy.
Contents:
Indications for use
- Oral contraception.
Mechanism of action
This drug belongs to the group of combined drugs containing hormones secreted by the sex glands, intended for systemic use. The use of Fayosim causes a contraceptive effect. Its effectiveness is due to the fact that the drug has several mechanisms at once that prevent fertilization of the egg. The main mechanism of contraceptive action is that inhibition of the ovulation process, as well as thickening of mucus secreted in the cervical canal area of the cervix.
Dosage and mode of application
The contraceptive is taken in cycles, each lasting for 91 days. To achieve the contraceptive effect, 91 tablets are taken in succession, in accordance with the indications listed on the blister, usually in the evening. The first pill should be taken on the 1st day of the menstrual period. After the end of a 91-day pill cycle, a new package should be started immediately. This birth control method can be used as long as the prevention of pregnancy is desired.
Overdose
Symptoms of an overdose:
- nausea;
- vomiting;
- a feeling of tension in the mammary glands;
- vaginal bleeding.
If a patient took an excessive dose of Fayosim, it is necessary to carry out gastric lavage, take sorbents, establish monitoring of the patient’s condition, and, if necessary, carry out a standard supportive symptomatic therapy
Side effects
The drug may cause the following adverse reactions:
- increased blood glucose, anemia, changes in body weight, hyperbilirubinemia;
- headache, migraine, memory loss, confusion, dizziness, insomnia;
- visual impairment;
- nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, constipation, dyspeptic symptoms, pancreatitis, jaundice;
- acne, seborrhea, itching;
- arterial hypertension, tachycardia, varicose veins, hemorrhoids and other disorders of the cardiovascular system;
- thrombosis, superficial thrombophlebitis, arterial hypotension;
- allergies, weight gain;
- cholangitis, cholecystitis, liver dysfunction;
- breast neoplasia, pain in the breast;
- anxiety, depression;
- venous thromboembolism.
In case of any unusual side effects, you should contact your doctor.
Contraindications
Do not use Fayosim for birth control if you have an increased sensitivity (allergy) to ethinyl estradiol / levonorgestrel or other components of the preparation.
In addition, the use of this contraceptive is contraindicated in the following conditions:
- breast cancer;
- estrogen-dependent cancers;
- vaginal bleeding of unexplained etiology;
- incurable endometrial hyperplasia;
- venous thromboembolism;
- arterial thromboembolic disorders (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction);
- thrombophilia (for example, deficiency of protein C, S or antithrombin);
- high risk of venous or arterial thrombosis;
- liver tumors of any etiology;
- liver diseases, to normalization of laboratory parameters of the functional state of the liver;
- porphyrias;
- severe hypertriglyceridemia.
Interactions
Barbiturates, phenytoin, primidone, rifampicin, carbamazepine, possibly topiramate, griseofulvin, oxcarbazepine, felbamate (drugs that induce liver microsomal enzymes), as well as tetracyclines and ampicillins can reduce the contraceptive effect of Fayosim. Therefore, during the period of their joint use and within 7 days after it, it is recommended to use additional barrier contraceptives.
You should use additional barrier contraceptives during the entire period of combination with rifampicin and within 28 days after discontinuation of its intake.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
The drug cannot be used by pregnant women.
If there is a need to take this combination oral contraceptive, lactation (breastfeeding) should be suspended at the time of treatment.
What if I miss a pill?
If you miss a pill, you should take it within the next 12 hours. Otherwise, you should continue taking birth control pills at a certain time of the next day, without taking a missed pill. Missing tablets increases the likelihood of sudden bleeding.
Precautions
You should start taking pills after a complete medical examination aimed at breast mammology, a cytological study of cervical mucus, the exclusion of pregnancy and disorders of the blood coagulation system.
With prolonged use of the drug, a woman should undergo a control at least once a year.
Fayosim does not protect against diseases that are transmitted sexually, including HIV infection (AIDS).
Before using COCs, women with risk factors should carefully evaluate the need for oral contraception in case of a potential threat to their health.
The effect of combined oral contraceptives increases the incidence of thromboembolism, arterial and venous thrombosis.
In very rare cases, women taking this contraceptive reported thrombosis of the hepatic and mesenteric blood vessels, veins and arteries of the kidneys and retina is diagnosed, although a direct connection with the contraceptive has not been proven.
Symptoms of venous or arterial thrombosis include sudden shortness of breath, unilateral leg pain and / or leg edema, sudden coughing, severe chest pain with irradiation to the left arm (or without it), dizziness, severe prolonged headache, increased frequency and the severity of migraine, diplopia, sudden loss of vision (partial or complete), inarticulate speech, collapse with or without partial seizure, sudden significant loss of sensitivity in one part of the body, weakness, acute abdomen, motor violations. If any of these ailments occur, you should immediately consult a doctor.
The susceptibility to thrombosis can be indicated by biochemical parameters: deficiency of antithrombin III, protein S, protein C, hyperhomocysteinemia, resistance to activated protein C, antiphospholipid antibodies (lupus anticoagulant, antibodies to cardiolipin).
Factors contributing to an increased risk of thromboembolism, venous or arterial thrombosis include: a family history (venous or arterial thromboembolism in close relatives at a young age), smoking (especially after the age of 35), dyslipoproteinemia, obesity, arterial hypertension, atrial fibrillation, valvular disease, prolonged immobilization, extensive surgery, any surgery on the legs, severe injury, the postpartum period.
Patients with a hereditary predisposition to thrombosis require a medical examination. Pills should be discontinued 4 weeks before the planned operation.
Circulatory disorders may develop in patients with diabetes mellitus, hemolytic uremic syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, sickle cell anemia.
An increase in the frequency and severity of a migraine during the use of Fayosim is a reason for its immediate cancellation.
Diagnosis of cervical and breast cancer development against the background of a long-term use of combined contraceptive drugs is slightly higher, compared with women who do not take them. Nevertheless, the exact relationship between the pathology and the effect of COCs is not established.
There is a risk of developing neoplasms of the liver, in some cases accompanied by intra-abdominal hemorrhage. Taking preparations based on ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel increases the risk of pancreatitis in women with hypertriglyceridemia.
If Fayosim causes a stable, clinically significant increase in blood pressure, its use should be discontinued. In this case, a patient should start an adequate antihypertensive therapy.
If a woman has a tendency to chloasma, she should avoid exposure to direct sunlight or ultraviolet radiation.
When carrying out laboratory tests, medical personnel should be warned about taking COCs.
Adaptation of the body to the action of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel lasts 3 months. During this period, a woman may have spotting or breakthrough bleeding. In the case of frequent recurrence or development of these ailments without apparent cause after the previous regular cycles, a woman needs to undergo a thorough examination to exclude pregnancy or malignant tumors.
In the absence of bleeding cancellation in two consecutive cycles, the next blister cannot be used until pregnancy is excluded.
The influence of Fayosim on the ability to drive vehicles and mechanisms is not established.